2018, Vol. 6 Issue 1, Part A
Chemical composition and biocide properties of Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) essential oil against developmental stages of the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii
AUTHOR(S): Foko Dadji Gisèle Aurelie, Bobo Ngowe Manuela Pierre, Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension and Tamesse Joseph Lebel
ABSTRACT:Mosquito-borne diseases including malaria remain a serious threat for the development of low income countries where the disease is endemic. Although several harmful chemicals have successfully been used to fight against mosquitoes, new effective intervention tools safe for both humans and the environment are prominent for Public Health interventions to stop the spread of malaria vectors and the burden of the disease. We evaluated in this study the biocide activity of Clausena anisata leaf essential oil on the aquatic and adult stages of the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii. We further identified the active components of theessential oil. Fresh leaves of C. anisata (wild type) were subjected to hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and extracted essential oil was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and GCcoupling mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The toxicological test was performed by immersion of mosquito larvae/eggs in water contaminated with various dilutions of essential oil. The WHO cone tests procedure was performed on adult females An. coluzziiand probit analysis was performed on computed data. Overall, C. anisata essential oil revealed significant inhibitory potentials on An. coluzzii eggs with a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.147%. Third instar larvae revealed a full sensitivity (100% mortality) 48h post-exposure to C. anisata essential oil with LC50of0.44%. The knockdown effect of oil-impregnated nets increased significantly with the exposure time with median knockdown times(kdt50) of 1.93 min, 18.58 min, 51.02 min and 60.15 min, respectively for 2%, 1.5%, 1% and 0.5% of essential oil. The killing effect of the essential oil read 24h post-exposure revealed the LC50 of1.215%. Overall, 52compounds were detected with a total yield of 0.242% (w/w). (Z) anethole (37.25%), p-cymene (16.01%), γ-terpinene (4.07%) and linalool (3.80%) constituted the main ingredients of the essential oil.C. anisate leaf essential oil showed high insecticidal potentials against An. coluzzii. This oil therefore stands as a natural biocide that could be used for public health interventions to control the burden of malaria in endemic areas.
Pages: 09-15 | 2090 Views 243 Downloads
How to cite this article:
Foko Dadji Gisèle Aurelie, Bobo Ngowe Manuela Pierre, Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension, Tamesse Joseph Lebel. Chemical composition and biocide properties of Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) essential oil against developmental stages of the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii. Am J Essent Oil Nat Prod 2018;6(1):09-15.
